From 3-6 May 2025, Nutritional Therapy for IBD attended Digestive Disease Week in San Diego, USA.
Here’s what’s new in nutritional therapies for IBD from leading experts:
💡 IBD is becoming a health concern in newly industrialized countries
🔸 Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East are just now seeing a skyrocket in IBD
🔸 North America, Europe, and Oceania face a dual challenge:
✅ Managing new cases in young adults
✅ Supporting older patients with complex health needs
🗣 Gilaad G. Kaplan, MD, MPH, and Siew Ng, MBBS, PhD: “Prioritizing IBD prevention by investigating lifestyle and diet-related causes of IBD and innovating healthcare systems to provide accessible, equitable, and affordable care for all patients is an urgent goal.”
💡 Non-exclusion diets with adequate dietary fiber (>25g/day) are feasible in patients with mild IBD
🔸 Short-term plant-based diets may improve depression in patients with CD and UC
🔸 A plant-based calorie-restricted diet consumed for five consecutive days in a month, while returning to baseline diet indefinitely after, may improve disease activity and reduce fecal calprotectin in mild-to-moderate CD
🔸 A catered low-fat, high-fiber diet for 8 weeks may improve quality of life, inflammatory markers, and gut microbiome function in patients with CD
💡 Shifting the focus from nutrients to diet quality for a healthier, anti-inflammatory microbiome
🔸 Time-restricted feeding alone isn’t enough for weight loss in patients with CD and obesity, while diet quality remains essential to support a healthy, anti-inflammatory microbiome
🔸 Purified fibers found in processed foods are linked to intestinal atrophy and high liver cancer risk in mice
🔸 A low-emulsifier diet is a safe and effective therapy for mild-to-moderately active CD
💡 How to manage IBS-IBD overlap with diet
🔸 IBS-type symptoms affect up to one-third of patients with IBD in remission and are a consequence of a Western diet high in ultra-processed foods and/or an altered microbiome
🔸 Patients with socioeconomic inability to follow a diet, those who are not interested in diet changes, and those with a history of or active eating disorder may benefit from restricting only the most problematic FODMAPs
🔸 Fructans, widely available in wheat, may induce greater IBS-like symptoms than gluten
💡 The overlooked link between gut microbes and food sensitivities in IBD
🔸 Patients with IBD present multiple adverse reactions to foods
🔸 Intolerances to dairy, FODMAPs, and wheat in IBD are associated with a defective metabolic capacity of the microbiome
🔸 Gut inflammation emerges as the initial trigger of food intolerances in IBD, leading to a decrease in gut bacteria involved in digesting offending foods